|
|
| A
la Provencale |
|
With garlic and oil |
| A
la broche |
Food cooked on a skewer |
| A
la king |
Food that is generally
served in a white sauce with mushrooms, green peppers, and
pimentos |
| A
la mode |
Generally refers to ice
cream served on top of pie or cake |
| Aging |
The term applied to meat
being held at a temperature of 34-36 degrees F. for the
purpose of making the meat more tender. |
| Al
dente |
Refers to slightly chewy or
being tough to the bite |
| Allemande |
A white sauce with egg
yolks added |
| Anchovy |
A very small fish from the
herring family |
| Anisette |
A cordial flavored with
anise seed |
| Antipasto |
An Italian appetizer |
| Appetizer |
A small serving of food
served before, after, or as the first course of a meal to
stimulate the appetite |
| Arrowroot |
Used as a thickening agent
in certain soups and sauces, bringing out a high sheen |
| Aspic |
A clear jelly typically
made of stock and gelatin; Used as a glaze or garnish or to
make a mold of meat, fish, or vegetables. |
| Au
gratin |
Foods covered with a sauce,
sprinkled with cheese or bread crumbs, or both, and baked to a
golden brown |
| Au
jus |
Food served with its
natural juice |
| Au
lait |
With milk |
| Avacado |
A thickened skin,
pear-shaped tropical fruit with a green buttery flesh and can
also be known as an alligator pear |
| Bake |
To cook by dry heat,
usually in an oven. |
| Barbecue
Sauce |
A highly-seasoned
tomato-base sauce |
| Barbecue |
To cook over the embers or
coals of an open fire |
| Barder |
To cover poultry or game
with thin slices of bacon when roasting. Meaning to inject
flavor and juice. |
| Baste |
To ladle drippings over a
piece of meat being cooked as a roast to make it juicy and to
prevent dryness |
| Batter |
A mixture of flour, sugar,
eggs, milk, etc. which can be poured |
| Bearnaise
sauce |
A Hollandaise sauce with a
tarragon vinegar mixture added for use with meat and fish |
| Beat |
To lift a mixture with a
spoon or an electric mixer to inject air and make the mixture
smooth and creamy |
| Bechamel |
A white sauce, usually made
with milk and cream |
| Bercy |
Sauce made of brown sauce,
shallots, lemon juice, and white wine usually served with meat
or fish |
| Beurre
noir |
French term for browned
butter |
| Beurre |
French term for butter |
| Bigarade |
A sweet-sour brown sauce,
flavored with orange peel and juice and usually served with
roast duck |
| Biscuit |
A small round quickbread,
generally made using baking powder |
| Bisque |
A thick, rich cream soup
generally made from shellfish |
| Blacken |
To coat fish or meat with
pepper and/or other spices, then searing the meat in a hot
skillet producing meat that is black on the outside but tender
on the inside |
| Blanch |
To scald, make white, to
partially cook an item, to place fruits or nuts in boiling
water to remove the skins, or to dip vegetables in boiling
water in preparation for freezing, canning, or drying |
| Blanc |
French term for white |
| Blanquette |
A stew of chicken, veal, or
lamb in a white sauce |
| Blend |
To mix thoroughly two or
more ingredients |
| Blinis |
Russian pancakes, usually
served with caviar |
| Blue
points |
Small oysters served raw on
the half shell |
| Boeuf |
French term for beef |
| Boiling
point |
The temperature reached
when a mixture maintains a full bubbling motion on its surface |
| Boil |
To cook in a liquid,
generally water, in which large bubbles rise quickly and
steadily so that all the liquid is agitated |
| Bordelaise |
A brown sauce flavored with
red wine usually served with beef entrees |
| Borsch |
A traditional Russian beet
soup |
| Bouchee |
A very small patty, made of
pastry and filled with creamed meat or fish |
| Bouillabaisse |
A fish soup or stew,
usually made with 5-6 different fish or shellfish, flavored
with white wine and seasoned with saffron |
| Bouillon |
A liquid similar to a
stock, but cleaner and richer in flavor |
| Bouquet-garni |
A group of herbs tied
together as a bouquet or in a cheese cloth bag for the purpose
of cooking them with an item to season and makes for easy
removal when they are done |
| Bourguignonne |
Meaning, with Burgundy Wine |
| Braise |
To cook meat by searing in
fat, then simmering in a covered dish in a small amount of
liquid or to brown meat or vegetables in hot fat, then to cook
slowly in a small amount of liquid |
| Brandy |
An alcoholic liquor
distilled from wine or fruit juices |
| Braten |
German term for roast |
| Breading |
To coat an item with a
mixture of flour, egg, and bread crumbs |
| Brew |
To cook in hot liquid until
the flavor is extracted |
| Brine |
A liquid of salt and water
or vinegar used in pickling |
| Brioche |
A roll made of light sweet
dough, originated in France |
| Brochette |
Meat or other foods broiled
on a skewer |
| Broche |
A skewer |
| Broil |
To cook by exposing the
food directly to the heat |
| Broth |
The liquid that meat, fish,
poultry, or vegetables have been simmered in |
| Buffet |
A table of ready-to-eat hot
and/or cold foods, self-service generally with the exception
of the hot foods |
| Cacao |
Cocoa, chocolate |
| Cacciatore |
An Italian term for sauteed
chicken that is baked with a highly seasoned (basil and
oregano) tomato sauce, diced mushrooms, and chives; also
sometimes referred to as hunter-style |
| Cafe
au lait |
A beverage consisting of
equal parts of hot milk and coffee |
| Cafe
noir |
Black coffee |
| Cafe |
French term for coffee |
| Camembert |
A soft full-flavored,
ripened cheese made in the Camembert, France region and
generally served as a dessert |
| Canadian
Bacon |
Trimmed, pressed, smoked
loin of pork that may be purchased cooked or uncooked |
| Canape |
An appetizer, toasted
bread, or cracker covered with a tasty paste and garnished |
| Canard |
French word for Duck |
| Candying |
To cook certain fruits or
vegetables in a heavy sweet syrup |
| Caper |
European flower bud
seasoning or garnish. The buds are pickled in vinegar and
packed in small green bottles. Its used generally as a tart
condiment in sauces for meats or in veloute sauces for poached
fish. |
| Capon |
A castrated young male
chicken |
| Caramelize |
To heat granulated sugar to
a golden brown color for the purpose of flavoring and coloring
other food |
| Carte
du jour |
Menu of the day |
| Carte |
The bill of fare or menu |
| Casserole |
A one-pot meal baked and
served in an earthenware or glass dish |
| Caviar |
The salted eggs or roe of
the sturgeon and other certain fish |
| Cepes |
A type of mushroom,
generally canned in a brine |
| Chablis |
A white, good-bodied wine,
sometimes referred to as white Burgundy |
| Champignon |
French term for mushroom |
| Chantilly
sauce |
Hollandaise sauce with
unsweetened whipped cream folded in |
| Chantilly |
Indicates the use of
whipped cream |
| Chasseur |
French word meaning hunter
style |
| Chateaubriand |
A thick beef tenderloin
steak, weighing approximately one pound and cooked by broiling |
| Chicory |
A salad green from the
endive family |
| Chiffonade |
Finely shredded or chopped
vegetables used in soups or salad dressings |
| Chop |
To cut into small pieces
using a knife or other sharp utensil |
| Choux
paste |
A paste consisting of eggs,
water, salt, shortening, and flour for making Eclairs and
cream puffs |
| Chutney |
A spicey relish of fruits
and spices generally served with curry dishes |
| Cider |
The juice from pressed
apples used as a beverage or to make vinegar |
| Citron |
A lemon-like fruit with
thicker skin, larger, and with less acid |
| Clarify |
To make a liquid clear by
adding beaten egg white and egg shells. The egg jells in the
hot liquid and cloudiness adheres to it and then the liquid is
strained. |
| Coatspoon |
When a mixture forms a
thin, even film on a spoon |
| Coat |
To cover the surface of one
food with another |
| Cobbler |
A deep dish pie, generally
made with fruit |
| Cocktail |
An appetizer served before
or as the first course of a meal, an alcholic beverage served
before the dinner, or a cut shell-fish with a tart sauce
served at the start of a meal |
| Coddle |
To cook or simmer an item
just below the boiling point for a short length of time |
| Colbert
Sauce |
A sauce consisting of brown
sauce, shallots, claret wine, butter, and lemon juice |
| Compote |
Fruits stewed in a syrup or
a mixture of assorted stewed fruits |
| Condiment |
A seasoning for food, a
spicy or pungent relish |
| Consomme |
A clear, strong flavored
soup |
| Coq
au vin |
Chicken in wine |
| Core |
To remove the central seed
part of certain fruits, such as apples or pears |
| Cottage
pudding |
Cake served with a warm
sweet sauce |
| Coupe |
A shallow dessert dish or
an actual dessert such as strawberry coupe |
| Court
bouillon |
A liquid comprised of
water, vinegar or wine, herbs and seasoning to poach fish in |
| Cracklings |
Crisp remains left after
the fat has been fried out |
| Cream |
To beat until soft and
fluffy, generally applies to shortening and sugar |
| Creme |
French word for cream |
| Creole |
Usually a soup or sauce
containing tomatoes, onions, green peppers, celery, and
seasoning |
| Crepe |
French word for pancake |
| Cresson |
French word for watercress |
| Croissant |
A crescent shaped roll |
| Croquette |
A ground food product, held
together with the addition of a thick cream sauce and eggs,
formed into balls or cones, breaded and fried in oil |
| Croutons |
Small cubes of bread
browned to a golden color in the oven or deep fat fryer,
generally served with soups or salads |
| Cube |
To cut into even, bite-size
pieces |
| Cuisine |
A characteristic style of
preparing food |
| Cure |
To preserve by pickling,
salting, or drying |
| Cut
in |
A part blended into another
part |
| Cutlet |
A small flattened boneless
piece of meat, generally referring to pork and veal |
| Deglaze |
Adding water to a pan in
which meats have been sauteed or roasted to dissolve the
crusted juice that has dried on the bottom and sides of the
pan |
| Demiglace |
A rich brown stock reduced
to only half of its original amount by simmering |
| Demitasse |
A small cup of black coffee |
| Demi |
French word for half |
| Deviled |
An item flavored with hot
condiments such as pepper, mustard, or tabasco |
| Diable |
A term applied to deviled
or highly seasoned food |
| Dice |
To cut into small cubes or
squares |
| Dissolve |
To cause a dry substance to
become fluid or to absorb into liquid |
| Dot |
To spot small particles of
butter over the top of something |
| Dough |
A thick, soft uncooked mass
of moistened flour and other ingredients |
| Drawn
butter |
Melted butter |
| Dredge |
To coat an item with dry
ingredients such as flour |
| Dress |
To trim or clean poultry or
fish |
| Drippings |
The fat and natural juice
that drips from roasted meats |
| Du
jour |
French word meaning of the
day |
| Duchess
potatoes |
Boiled potatoes whipped
with egg yolks and then pressed thru a pastry tube |
| Duglere |
With tomatoes, generally
applied to a white fish sauce with crushed tomatoes flowing
through it |
| Dust |
To sprinkle an item with
flour or sugar |
| Emulsify |
A liquid mixture suspended
in another mixture (generally eggs and oil) to prevent
separation |
| En
brochette |
To cook on a skewer |
| En
chemise |
With their skin, generally
referring to potatoes |
| En
coquille |
Served in a shell |
| En
tasse |
Served in a cup |
| Entree |
Main course of the meal |
| Epicure |
A lover of food and wine |
| Epigramme |
An entree of two pieces of
meat prepared differently but generally cooked and served
together |
| Escallop |
To cut into into thin
slices or bake in a white sauce with a topping of crumbs |
| Escargot |
French word for Snail |
| Escarole |
A salad green from the
endive family |
| Espagnole
sauce |
A rich brown sauce of meat,
vegetables, and seasoning |
| Extract |
Drawing flavors from
certain foods, used to flavor other food items |
| Farce |
French word for Stuffing |
| Farci |
French word for Stuffed, as
in meats or vegetables |
| Farina |
The coarsely ground inner
portion of hard wheat |
| Filet
de sole |
A boneless piece of fish
belonging to the sole family of fish |
| Filet
mignon |
Filets of beef tenderloin
usually with no fat |
| Fine
herbs |
A combination of three or
four herbs chopped very fine |
| Finnan
haddie |
Smoked haddock fish |
| Flambeau |
To serve on a flaming torch |
| Flambe |
Served aflame |
| Florentine |
With spinach |
| Fold |
To mix, using a motion
beginning vertically down through the mixture, continuing
across the bottom of the bowl and ending with an upward and
over movement |
| Fondant |
An icing made by boiling
sugar and water to the point of crystallization then whipping
it into a creamy mass |
| Fondue |
A style of preparing foods
which involves dipping vegetables, meats, breads into various
heated sauces |
| Forcemeat |
Meat or fish ground very
fine and highly seasoned and used for stuffing meat and fish |
| Francaise |
In the French style |
| Frappe |
Frozen or partly frozen to
the consistency of mush for dessert items |
| French
Toast |
Bread dipped in a batter of
eggs and milk and fried til golden brown on both sides |
| Frenched |
To scrape meat and fat from
bones of meat, generally associated with lamb chops or veal
rib chops |
| Fricassee |
Pieces of chicken, lamb, or
veal stewed in liquid and served in a sauce made from the same
liquid |
| Fritters |
Food dipped or coated with
a batter and fried to a golden brown in oil |
| Fumet |
A stock of fish, meat, or
game reduced with wine until concentrated |
| Garbanzo
beans |
Dried or canned Chick peas |
| Garnish |
To decorate a dish with an
item to improve its look |
| Garniture |
French word for Garnish |
| Gefulte
fish |
Fish fillets stuffed with a
ground fish mixture and poached |
| Gherkin |
A small sweet or sour
pickled cucumber |
| Giblet |
The gizzard, heart, and
liver of Poultry |
| Glace
de viande |
Reduced meat stock |
| Glace |
Glazed, iced, or frosted to
cover with a glossy coating |
| Glaze |
To coat or cover an item
with a glossy coating |
| Goulash |
A rich, savory brown stew
and generally the main seasoning is paprika |
| Gourmet |
A connoisseur of fine foods
and drink |
| Grate |
To rub or wear into small
particles, by rubbing on the rough surface of a grater |
| Griddle |
A large, flat heavy pan
with heat applied from the bottom |
| Grits |
Coarsely ground hominy |
| Gruyere |
A type of Swiss cheese made
in France and Switzerland and has smaller holes than true
Swiss cheese |
| Gumbo |
A rich creole-type soup
consisting of chicken broth, onion, celery, green peppers,
okra, tomatoes, and rice |
| Hacher |
Meaning to hash or mince |
| Hard
Sauce |
A dessert sauce made of
butter, lemon extract, sugar, and vanilla |
| Hasenpfeffer |
A German rabbit stew |
| Head
cheese |
Jellied, spiced, pressed
meat from the hog's head |
| Herbs |
Savory leaves such as
tarragon, sage, basil, parsley, oregano, etc. |
| Hollandaise |
A rich, creamy sauce made
of butter, egg yolks, and lemon juice |
| Hominy |
Hulled Indian corn used for
a cereal food, coarsely ground or broken |
| Homogenize |
To break up fat globules
into small particles, generally referring to milk |
| Hongroise |
Meaning in the Hungarian
style or fashion |
| Hors
d'oeuvres |
An appetizer typically
served before a meal |
| Hush
puppies |
A Southern deep fried food
consisting of corn meal, milk, onions, baking powder, etc. |
| Indienne |
Dishes made in the style of
India and generally containing curry powder as the main
seasoning |
| Infusion |
Liquid extracted from tea,
herbs, or coffee |
| Irish
stew |
A white lamb stew generally
made with lamb, carrots, turnips, potatoes, onions, dumplings,
and seasonings |
| Italienne |
Made in the Italian style
and generally using some sort of pasta |
| Jambalaya |
A combination of meat or
seafood and rice cooked together |
| Jardiniere |
A garnish for meat dishes,
generally consisting of carrots, celery, turnips, and
sometimes peas |
| Julienne |
To cut into long, very thin
strips |
| Jus |
Natural meat juice |
| Karo |
A fairly thin, light or
dark corn syrup |
| Kartoffel
klosse |
A German potato dumpling |
| Kebob
or Kabob |
Small cubes of meat and/or
vegetables roasted on a skewer |
| Kippered |
Lightly salted and smoked
fish |
| Kirschwasser |
A liqueur made from
cherries and commonly used to flame certain dishes |
| Kitchen
bouquet |
Brand name for a bottle
seasoning used to flavor and color gravy |
| Knead |
To place dough on a flat
surface and work it, pressing down with your hands, then
folding over and over again |
| Kohlrabi |
Vegetable in the cabbage
family with a larger edible turnip-like stem |
| Kosher |
Meat that is butchered and
processed according to the Hebrew religious laws |
| Kuchen |
German cakes made with
sweet yeast dough |
| Kummel |
Liqueur flavored with
caraway seed |
| Kumquat |
A small citrus fruit
resembling a small orange, about the size and shape of an
olive |
| Lait |
French word for Milk |
| Lamb
fries |
Lamb testicles |
| Langouste |
French word for Lobster or
Crawfish |
| Larding |
Inserting strips of salt
pork into meat to add flavor and prevent dryness while
roasting, using a larding needle and drawing the strip of salt
pork through the meat |
| Leek |
A plant from the green
onion family with little or no bulb and fairly long broad,
mild-flavored green stems. The green stems are used to season
or flavor foods |
| Legumes |
Dried vegetables such as
beans, lentils, and split peas |
| Lentil |
A flat edible seed of the
pea family generally used in soup |
| Limburger
Cheese |
Soft, rich, odorous,
ripened cheese originally made in Belgium |
| London
Broil |
A broiled flank steak,
sliced on the bias and generally served with a rich mushroom
or Bordelaise sauce |
| Lyonnaise |
To prepare and serve with
onions |
| Macedoine |
A blended combination of
fruit or vegetables |
| Madrilene |
A clear consomme with a
tomato base, served jellied or hot |
| Marinade |
A brine or pickling
solution in which meat can be soaked before cooking to alter
or enrich the flavor |
| Marinate |
To let food stand in a
liquid that will add flavor and tenderize |
| Marrow |
Soft tissue from the center
of beef and veal bones |
| Marsala |
A semi-dry Italian sherry
wine |
| Masking |
To coven an item completely
with a sauce or another ingredient |
| Mayonnaise |
A rich salad dressing
emulsified by whipping together eggs, oil, and vinegar |
| Melt |
To dissolve or make liquid
by heating |
| Menthe |
French word for Mint |
| Menu |
The list of foods served or
Bill of Fare |
| Meringue |
Egg whites and sugar beaten
together to form a white frothy mass, generally used to top
pies and cakes |
| Meuniere |
Pan fried, served with
butter freshly browned, lemon juice, and chopped parsley |
| Mignon |
Small pieces of beef
tenderloin |
| Milanese |
Generally used when some
type of pasta is being served |
| Mincemeat |
A blended mixture of finely
chopped cooked beef, currants, apples, suet, and spices |
| Mince |
To cut food into very
small, fine pieces |
| Minestrone |
A thick Italian soup made
with vegetables, dried legumes, and pasta |
| Minute
Steak |
A small, fairly thin,
boneless sirloin steak |
| Mirepoix |
A mixture of fairly fine,
diced vegetables such as carrots, onions, and celery |
| Mixed
grill |
A combination of any four
broiled or grilled items, generally lamb chop, bacon, sausage,
and tomato slices |
| Mixing |
To combine two or more
ingredients |
| Mocha |
A flavoring made of coffee
and chocolate |
| Mold |
A metal form in which you
can shape certain foods to make them look more attractive |
| Mornay
sauce |
A rich cream sauce with
eggs and Parmesan cheese added |
| Mousse |
A frozen dessert made
mainly with whipped cream, sweetening, and flavoring |
| Mozzarella |
A fairly soft Italian
cheese with a rubbery texture and is great to use in making
pizza |
| Mutton |
The flesh or meat of a
mature sheep |
| Napoleons |
A French pastry made my
separating the layers of pastry with a cream filling and
topping with an icing |
| Navarin |
A rich brown mutton stew
garnished with turnips and carrots |
| Noir |
French word for Black |
| Noisette |
Small pieces of loin of
lamb or pork, generally the eye of the chop, without the bone
and fat, either broiled or sautéed |
| Nougat |
Generally a confection of
pasty consistency, containing sugar, almonds, and pistachio
nuts |
| O'Brien |
Generally with green
peppers and pimientos, usually diced small |
| Oeuf |
French word meaning Egg |
| Omelet |
Beaten eggs, seasoned,
fried with butter or grease in a pan until it starts to puff
then folded over or rolled |
| Panache |
Two or more kinds of one
item in a dish, mixing colors |
| Papaya |
A tropical fruit from which
the juice can be used to tenderize certain meats |
| Papillote |
Generally the item
associated with this word is cooked and served in paper |
| Parboil |
To partially cook or boil
in water |
| Pare |
To cut off the outer
covering or skin with a knife or other sharp tool |
| Parfait |
Different colored ice
creams served in a tall parfait glass with syrup and often
fruit, topped with whipped cream, chopped nuts, and a cherry |
| Parisienne |
French for Female, but in
cooking generally refers to potatoes cut into small round
balls using a Parisienne scoop |
| Parmentiere |
Usually means soup
containing potatoes or served with potatoes |
| Parmesan |
A hard Italian cheese,
usually sold in the grated or powdered form |
| Pastry
bag |
A duck cloth, cone bag with
a metal or plastic tip at the small end used to decorate foods |
| Pate |
A paste of ground meat or
liver |
| Paysanne |
Usually vegetables diced
small or shredded |
| Peel |
To strip off an outer
covering or skin |
| Persillade |
Garnished with parsley |
| Petite |
French word for Small |
| Petites
fours |
Small cakes iced with
fondant and decorated |
| Pilaf
or Palau |
Rice cooked in chicken
stock with minced onions and seasonings |
| Pimiento |
Sweet red peppers, canned |
| Piquant |
Generally a sauce that is
sharp and tart to the taste |
| Planked |
Meat or fish served on a
board usually garnished with duchess potatoes and vegetables |
| Poach |
To cook in water that
bubbles only slightly |
| Poisson |
French word meaning Fish |
| Polonaise |
A garnish consisting of
bread crumbs, chopped parsley, and hard-boiled eggs |
| Pomme |
French word meaning Apple |
| Popovers |
Quick, puffed-up hot bread
made of milk, sugar, eggs, and flour generally containing a
fruit mixture |
| Pot
pie |
Meat and vegetables in a
rich creamy sauce, covered with a pie crust |
| Potage |
A thick soup |
| Poulet |
French word meaning Chicken |
| Printaniere |
Served with several
different small cut spring vegetables |
| Proof |
To let yeast dough rise by
setting it in a warm, moist place of at least 85 degrees F |
| Puree |
Any type of food cooked to
a pulp |
| Quahog |
Indian name for the large
Atlantic Coast clams |
| Quenelle |
A meat dumpling, generally
made with chicken or veal |
| Ragout |
A thick, savory brown stew |
| Ramekin |
A small shallow baking dish
in which foods can be baked and served in |
| Rasher |
A thin slice of bacon |
| Ravigote |
Cold sauce, made with
mayonnaise base, chopped green herb, and tarragon vinegar with
a tart taste |
| Ravioli |
Small, square noodle dough
cases filled with seasoned ground meat, grated seasoned
cheese, or finely chopped seasoned vegetables and served with
a meat or marinara sauce |
| Reduce |
To concentrate a liquid by
simmering for a long time |
| Remoulade
sauce |
A highly seasoned cold
sauce similar to tartar sauce, but using mustard and ground
pepper added |
| Render |
To cook the grease out of
animal fat |
| Risotto |
Rice baked with minced
onions and meat stock and adding Parmesan cheese after baking |
| Rissole |
French word for Brown |
| Roe |
Fish eggs |
| Romaine |
Mild flavored,long narrow,
and crisp leaves of salad greens of which the outer leaves are
a fairly dark green and the inner leaves are light in color |
| Roquefort |
A famous French blue vein
cheese |
| Roti |
French word meaning Roast |
| Rouge |
French word meaning Red |
| Roulade |
Rolled meat or a meat roll |
| Roux |
A mixture of fat and flour
cooked together, usually in equal parts, over low heat until
the flour and fat blend together smoothly and is used to
thicken soups, sauces, gravies, and stews |
| Royale |
A mixture of cream and eggs
baked into a custard for garnishing a consomme and broth |
| Salami |
A highly seasoned dried
sausage made from pork, beef, or venison |
| Sauerbraten |
A sour beef pot roast that
has been marinated 3-5 days in a vinegar solution to sour the
beef and served with a sour sauce |
| Saute |
To quickly heat meat or
vegetables in fat in an open pan |
| Sautoir |
A heavy, flat, copper sauce
pan |
| Scald |
To heat milk or cream just
below the boiling point until a scum forms on the surface |
| Scallion |
The muscle of a sea mollusk
which operates the opening and closing of the two shells |
| Scone |
A type of Scottish quick
bread similar to a biscuit |
| Score |
To mark the surface of
certain foods with shallow slits to improve appearance of
increase tenderness |
| Scrapple |
A food made by boiling
together seasoned chopped meat, generally pork and corn meal
or flour and served in fried slices |
| Scrod |
A young cod or haddock fish |
| Sear |
To scorch or char the
surface of meat quickly, sealing in the juices |
| Shred |
Cut into thin pieces, using
the large holes of a grater or cheese shredder |
| Simmer |
To cook liquid just below
the boiling point |
| Smother |
To cook in a covered
container until tender or cover an item with another item
completely |
| Sole |
A flat, white-meated fish
found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans |
| Soufflé |
A very light, puffed up
item, generally caused by folding beaten egg whites into a
basic batter |
| Spaetzles |
A heavy Austrian noodle
made by running a heavy batter through a large hole colander
into boiling stock |
| Spit |
A pointed metal rod used
for roasting meats over an open fire |
| Spoon
bread |
A southern type of corn
bread baked in a casserole and of a texture so that it must be
served with a spoon |
| Squab |
A young pigeon that has
never flown |
| Steep |
To soak in a hot liquid to
extract flavor and color or to soften |
| Stew |
To cook meat and vegetables
in liquid just below the boiling point |
| Stir |
To blend ingredients using
a circular motion |
| Stock |
The liquid in which meat,
poultry, fish, or vegetables have been cooked |
| Stroganoff |
Sautéed pieces of beef
tenderloin, cooked gently using a sour cream sauce |
| Suet |
The hard fat around the
kidney and loins of mutton and beef animals used in cooking
and for making tallow |
| Sweetbreads |
The thymus gland of calves
and lambs |
| Swiss
chard |
In the beet family and the
leaves are used as a vegetable and for salad and is cooked
like spinach |
| Tabasco
sauce |
A hot red pepper sauce |
| Tapioca |
A starch prepared from the
roots of a bitter cassava plant for use in pudding and for
thickening some soups |
| Tartare
Steak |
Highly seasoned, ground
beef steak served raw as an appetizer |
| Tart |
Small individual pies,
filled with fruit or fruit and cream, without a crust on top |
| Tasse |
French word meanin Cup |
| Tenderloin |
A strip of very tender meat
generally referring to beef, pork, lamb, and veal |
| Terapin |
Fresh-water turtles, used
as food |
| Terrine |
An earthenware pot
resembling a casserole |
| Torte |
A fairly small, rich,
decorated cake |
| Tortilla |
Mexican griddle cake, a
flat, unleavened corn cake baked on a heated stone or iron |
| Toss |
To cause a rising and
falling action for the purpose of blending ingredients
together as in salads |
| Tournedos |
Small, round, fairly thin
slices of beef tenderloin generally sauteed or broiled |
| Tripe |
The edible lining of a beef
stomach |
| Truffle |
Similar to the mushroom, a
black fungus grown mainly in France they are used for
seasoning and garnishing |
| Truss |
To bind or fasten with
string or skewers such as preparing poultry for roasting |
| Tureen |
A large deep kettle in
which soup is served, generally made of silver |
| Venison |
Deer meat |
| Vermicelli |
Long fine rods of pasta
similar to spaghetti, but thinner |
| Viande |
French word meaning Meat |
| Vichyssoise |
A cream of potato soup that
is served cold |
| Vin |
French word meaning Wine |
| Vol
au vent |
A case or shell made of
pastry that is filled with a meat or poultry mixture and
served covered with a lid of pastry |
| Wellington |
Beef tenderloin baked in a
rich dough until the meat is slightly rare and the crust is
crisp and golden |
| Welsh
rarebit |
Melted cheddar cheese,
flavored with beer, mustard, and Worcestershire sauce and
served very hot over toast |
| Whip |
To beat rapidly to increase
volume and incorporate air |
| Wiener
Schnitzel |
A veal cutlet, breaded and
fried |
| Wild
rice |
The brown seed of a tall
northern water grass, usually served with wild game |
| Zest |
|
A rind of lemon or orange |